MCQ on 16th BRICS Summit New Nations Join in 2025

Explore the 16th BRICS Summit in Kazan, Russia, marking historic expansion with Indonesia joining in 2025. Learn about BRICS' key initiatives, challenges, and global significance, including financial cooperation, energy security, and multilateral reforms. Discover FAQs, MCQs, and insights into BRICS' role in shaping the future of global governance. Perfect for competitive exams in India like UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State PSCs.

 

BRICS Overview and Genesis

1. Question: Who coined the term BRICS?
   
   a) Joseph Stiglitz
   b) Jim O’Neill
   c) Amartya Sen
   d) Paul Krugman
   Answer: b) Jim O’Neill
   Explanation: The term BRICS was coined in 2001 by British economist Jim O’Neill to represent the emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China.

 

2. Question: Which country joined BRICS in 2010, completing the acronym?
   
   a) Indonesia
   b) South Africa
   c) Saudi Arabia
   d) Egypt
   Answer: b) South Africa
   Explanation: South Africa joined BRICS in 2010, making it BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa).

 

3. Question: When was the first BRIC Summit held?
   
   a) 2001
   b) 2006
   c) 2009
   d) 2010
   Answer: c) 2009
   Explanation: The first BRIC Summit was held in Russia in 2009, marking the formal beginning of the group.

 

4. Question: What percentage of the world’s population do BRICS countries represent?
   
   a) 37.3%
   b) 45%
   c) 29.3%
   d) 14.5%
   Answer: b) 45%
   Explanation: BRICS represents over 45% of the world’s population, making it a significant global grouping.

 

16th BRICS Summit and Recent Updates

5. Question: Where was the 16th BRICS Summit held?
   Options:
   a) Shanghai
   b) Kazan, Russia
   c) New Delhi
   d) Johannesburg
   Answer: b) Kazan, Russia
   Explanation: The 16th BRICS Summit was held in Kazan, Russia, marking a historic moment with expanded membership.

 

6. Question: What was the theme of the Kazan Declaration adopted at the 16th BRICS Summit?
   
   a) "Global Energy Security"
   b) "Strengthening Multilateralism for Just Global Development and Security"
   c) "Expanding BRICS Influence"
   d) "Climate Change and Sustainability"
   Answer: b) "Strengthening Multilateralism for Just Global Development and Security"
   Explanation: The Kazan Declaration focused on strengthening multilateralism for global development and security.

 

7. Question: Which country will host the 17th BRICS Summit in 2025?
   
   a) Russia
   b) Brazil
   c) India
   d) China
   Answer: b) Brazil
   Explanation: Brazil will host the 17th BRICS Summit in 2025 and assume the BRICS Chairship.

 

8. Question: Which country recently joined BRICS as the 11th member, effective January 2025?
   
   a) Argentina
   b) Indonesia
   c) Turkey
   d) Vietnam
   Answer: b) Indonesia
   Explanation: Indonesia joined BRICS as the 11th member, effective January 2025.

 

BRICS Membership and Representation

9. Question: Which of the following is NOT a founding member of BRICS?
   
   a) Brazil
   b) Russia
   c) South Africa
   d) India
   Answer: c) South Africa
   Explanation: South Africa joined in 2010, while Brazil, Russia, India, and China are founding members.

 

10. Question: Which country initially planned to join BRICS in 2024 but later opted out?
    
    a) Egypt
    b) Argentina
    c) Saudi Arabia
    d) Ethiopia
    Answer: b) Argentina
    Explanation: Argentina was expected to join in 2024 but later opted out.

 

11. Question: What percentage of global GDP do BRICS countries account for?
    
    a) 14.5%
    b) 29.3%
    c) 37.3%
    d) 45%
    Answer: c) 37.3%
    Explanation: BRICS accounts for over 37.3% of global GDP, compared to the EU's 14.5% and G7's 29.3%.

 

12. Question: Which of the following is a new member of BRICS?
    
    a) Cuba
    b) Iran
    c) Vietnam
    d) Turkey
    Answer: b) Iran
    Explanation: Iran is one of the six new members, along with Egypt, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Indonesia.

 

Key Initiatives of BRICS

13. Question: Where is the headquarters of the New Development Bank (NDB) located?
    
    a) Moscow
    b) Shanghai
    c) New Delhi
    d) Johannesburg
    Answer: b) Shanghai
    Explanation: The NDB, established in 2014, is headquartered in Shanghai.

 

14. Question: What is the purpose of the BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA)?
    
    a) Fund infrastructure projects
    b) Provide short-term liquidity support
    c) Promote agricultural trade
    d) Develop space technology
    Answer: b) Provide short-term liquidity support
    Explanation: The CRA provides short-term liquidity support to member countries facing balance-of-payments issues.

 

15. Question: Which initiative aims to reduce reliance on Western financial systems like SWIFT?
    
    a) BRICS Pay
    b) BRICS Grain Exchange
    c) BRICS Clear Depositary
    d) BRICS STI Framework
    Answer: a) BRICS Pay
    Explanation: BRICS Pay is a blockchain-based payment system designed to reduce reliance on Western financial systems.

 

16. Question: What is the primary focus of the BRICS Vaccine R&D Center?
    
    a) Space technology
    b) Preventing mass infectious diseases
    c) Cybersecurity
    d) Poverty alleviation
    Answer: b) Preventing mass infectious diseases
    Explanation: The BRICS Vaccine R&D Center focuses on preventing mass infectious diseases.

 

Relevance and Challenges of BRICS

17. Question: What percentage of the world’s crude oil is produced by BRICS countries?
    
    a) 29.3%
    b) 37.3%
    c) 44%
    d) 50%
    Answer: c) 44%
    Explanation: BRICS countries, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, and UAE, produce 44% of the world’s crude oil.

 

18. Question: Which of the following is a major challenge faced by BRICS?
    
    a) High intra-BRICS trade
    b) Lack of geopolitical rivalries
    c) Underutilized economic potential
    d) Strong influence in global institutions
    Answer: c) Underutilized economic potential
    Explanation: Intra-BRICS trade is only 2.2% of global trade, highlighting underutilized economic potential.

 

19. Question: What is the primary goal of the BRICS Plus Dialogue?
    
    a) Promote Western financial systems
    b) Engage emerging markets and developing countries
    c) Develop a common BRICS currency
    d) Address climate change exclusively
    Answer: b) Engage emerging markets and developing countries
    Explanation: The BRICS Plus Dialogue engages emerging markets and developing countries from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

 

20. Question: Which BRICS initiative focuses on creating a fair agricultural trading system?
    
    a) BRICS Pay
    b) BRICS Grain Exchange
    c) BRICS Clear Depositary
    d) BRICS STI Framework
    Answer: b) BRICS Grain Exchange
    Explanation: The BRICS Grain Exchange is a Russian initiative to create a fair agricultural trading system.

 

Comparison with Other Groupings

21. Question: Which grouping focuses on global governance reforms and poverty alleviation?
    
    a) BRICS
    b) IBSA
    c) BASIC
    d) G7
    Answer: b) IBSA
    Explanation: IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa) focuses on global governance reforms and poverty alleviation.

 

22. Question: What is the primary focus of the BASIC grouping?
    
    a) Energy security
    b) Climate change
    c) Cybersecurity
    d) Space technology
    Answer: b) Climate change
    Explanation: BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India, China) addresses climate issues and promotes South-South cooperation.

 

Way Forward for BRICS

23. Question: What is a key recommendation for BRICS to strengthen unity?
    
    a) Increase reliance on Western systems
    b) Establish a permanent secretariat
    c) Reduce membership
    d) Focus on unilateral decisions
    Answer: b) Establish a permanent secretariat
    Explanation: Establishing a permanent secretariat is recommended to strengthen unity and long-term vision.

 

24. Question: Which country’s influence within BRICS needs strategic balancing?
    
    a) Brazil
    b) Russia
    c) China
    d) India
    Answer: c) China
    Explanation: India must strategically manage China’s dominance within BRICS to ensure balanced influence.

 

 

25. Question: What is essential for the success of BRICS+?
    
    a) Reducing membership
    b) Resolving internal differences
    c) Focusing on anti-West policies
    d) Limiting global representation
    Answer: b) Resolving internal differences
    Explanation: The success of BRICS+ depends on resolving internal differences and fostering consensus-building.

 

Also Read: 16th BRICS Summit: Indonesia Join in 2025