Evolution of Organic Farming in India :

Organic farming was evolved in India from ~4000 years ago. It was developed with nature of demand and time. This traditional farming in India was part of great Indian Civilization and one of the most prosperous countries in the world, till English ruled it. Traditionally in India, the entire agricultural practices was based on organic techniques for example - fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, etc. were obtained from plant and animal products. The cattle, not only provided milk, but also provided bullocks for farming and dung which was used as fertilizers. India was land nature friendly farming (eco-friendly) and self-sufficient in food products.

Features Organic Farming :

* Use natural livestock for plowing, hauling, fuel, and even recycling their waste for manure are key aspects of organic farming. Provide some preventive measures for livestock such as balance diet, rotational grazing.
* Natural crop production in organic systems to increasing crop fertility and maintain crop diversity.
* Organic farming nourishing the soil naturally by using green manure, compost, natural fertilizers. Soil fertility also improve by the practicing of crop rotation, mulching, intercropping, mixed farming etc.
* Providing crop nutrients indirectly using relatively insoluble nutrient sources which are made available to the plant by the action of soil micro organisms.
* Self sufficiency in nitrogen through the use of legumes and biological nitrogen fixation, as well as effective recycling of organic materials including crop residue and livestock manures.
* Using biofertilizers aur eco friendly and renewable source of plant nutrients to supplement fertilizers for sustainable agriculture development.
* Allicin from the extra of garlic has a broad spectrum antibacterial property. There are several plant product have been reported effective against number of insect-pest and diseases.
* Careful attention to the impact of farming system on the wider environment and the conservation of wildlife and natural habitats.
* The extension management of livestock, paying full regard to evolutionary adaptations, behavioral needs, and animal welfare issues with respect to nutrition, housing, health, breeding and rearing.
* Nitrogen self-sufficiency the  use of legumes and biological nitrogen fixation, as well as effective recycling of organic materials including crop residues and livestock manures.

Declining of Organic Farming in India :

* In 1940s, British introduce chemical fertilizers in India, it was foundation stone of conventional farming in India.
* Due to two wars in 1960s created double impact one is huge loss of life  and other is damaging of crops.
* Drought in India during 1960s.
* Famine like conditions appeared.
* Need of food security.
* Introduction of Green revolution in 1967 in India, It was based chemical fertilizers, high yield variety seed, and high irrigation required. Green revolution for meet the food crisis situation in 1960s.
* Green revolution, make farmers tilting towards chemical farming. It is more benificials for farmers.
* Easy availability of chemical fertilizers at subsidised rate.

* From 1960s to till now, India more dependent on conventional farming.
* From financial year 2011 to 2014 organic farming production drop 70%  in India(from 3.8 million tonnes to 1.24 million tonnes).
* India has only 1% (1.78 million hectares) organic share to total agriculture land (8th ranks in the world landwise).

From ancient times to British period, India's farming was eco-friendly, but from British time to at present practicing conventional farming in India. Bharat need full fledged organic farming with sustainable agricultural techniques. The world wide demand for organic products has encouraged the farmers to turn to organic farming. This will empower  farmers as well as make one of the prosperous country in the world.

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